year (MAT2c75e65935): paleoData_units: 'AD' has been replaced by 'yr AD'
year (MAT2c75e65935): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
depth (MAT37c717702e): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
d18O (SP12CACN01A): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'

d18O (SP12CACN01A): interpretation3_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
d18O (SP12CACN01A): interpretation4_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'

Cai, Y., Zhang, H., Cheng, H., An, Z., Lawrence Edwards, R., Wang, X., Tan, L., Liang, F., Wang, J. and Kelly, M.: The Holocene Indian monsoon variability over the southern Tibetan Plateau and its teleconnections, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 335-336, 135–144, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.04.035, 2012.

Hendy tests: stable d18O along growth layers and lack of correlation between d18O and d13C along growth layers

NBS 19, NBS 20, in house carbonate standard

observed correlation between rainfall d18O and temperature; commonly found relationship of d13C with cave hydrology and biomass above the cave

positive for d18O-temperature relation, negative for d13C-precipiation amount

d18O changes of speleothems reflect effects of temperature on raifnall d18O, rainfall amounts affect cave hydrology and biomass density above the cave, which is recorded in d13C of speleothems

Speleothem d18O gets heavier as temperature increases, therefore this is P_isotope driven

groundwater d18O, d13C of dissolved inorganic carbon

age model: Markov Chain Monte-Carlo sampling and Bayesian statistics implemented in OxCal 4.1

commonly found relationship of d13C with cave hydrology and biomass above the cave

rainfall amounts affect cave hydrology and biomass density above the cave, which is recorded in d13C of speleothems

An increase in precipitation may cause lower speleothem d13C directly through its effects on cave hydrology and indirectly through its influence on surface biomass.

Regional climate in the Pacific Northwest is strongly influenced by atmosphere–ocean interactions that originate in the Pacific Ocean on seasonal, interannual, decadal and presumably also longer timescales. Strong seasonality develops from contrasts in ocean– continent heating, with relatively warm and dry summers associated with the northward migration of the Pacific subtropical high, and cool and wet winters associated with an intensification of the Aleutian low. Southward displacement of the Pacific subtropical high-pressure cell by the Aleutian low-pressure system brings a predominance of southwesterly winds and abundant precipitation during winter months.