paleo data:
  measurement table:
    google work sheet key: oah7czr
    table name: paleo1measurement1
    missing value: NaN
    d18 o:
      archive type: coral
      has max value: -4.098
      has mean value: -4.8327
      has median value: -4.82
      has min value: -5.75
      iso2k UI: CO03COPM00A
      long name: AD
      mean value12k: NA
      measurement table name: measurementTable1
      median res12k: NA
      notes: Updated to Cobb2013 in version 2.1.0
      ocean2k ID: PacificPalmyracombinedCobb2003
      pages2k ID: Ocn_103
      paleo data table name: measTable
      preceded by: Aus_3
      proxy: d18O
      proxy observation type: d18O
      QC certification: JEG, DK
      q cnotes: Note: floating fossil coral sections have greater uncertainty in absolute temperature for palaeoclimate reconstructions (NJA)
      sensor genus: Porites
      t sid: Ocean2kHR_139
      units: permil
      use in global temperature analysis: TRUE
      variable name: d18O
      variable type: measured
      WDS paleo url: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/pages2k-temperature-v2-2017/data-version-2.0.0/Ocn-Palmyra.Cobb.2003.txt
      is primary: false
      primary age column: false
      has time tsid: PYTYKE3AQ5C
      values: -4.651
      values: -4.631
      values: -4.629
      values: -4.562
      values: -4.58
      values: -4.442
      values: -4.546
      values: -4.574
      values: -4.513
      values: -4.423
      values: -4.471
      values: -4.428
      values: -4.523
      values: -4.657
      values: -4.605
      values: -4.561
      values: -4.534
      values: -4.589
      values: -4.556
      values: -4.532
      values: -4.579
      values: -4.571
      values: -4.539
      values: -4.538
      values: -4.573
      values: -4.627
      values: -4.678
      values: -4.66
      values: -4.712
      values: -4.865
      values: -4.901
      values: -4.799
      values: -4.744
      values: -4.73
      values: -4.7
      values: -4.688
      values: -4.728
      values: -4.825
      values: -4.763
      values: -4.652
      values: -4.704
      values: -4.719
      values: -4.673
      values: -4.635
      values: -4.689
      values: -4.61
      values: -4.699
      values: -4.663
      values: -4.723
      values: -4.927
      values: -4.997
    year:
      archive type: coral
      data type: float
      description: Year AD
      has max value: 1998.377
      has mean value: 1464.3633
      has median value: 1379.417
      has min value: 928.125
      inferred variable type: Year
      long name: AD
      measurement table name: measurementTable1
      paleo data table name: measTable
      t sid: PYTYKE3AQ5C
      units: yr AD
      variable name: year
      variable type: inferred
      WDS paleo url: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/pages2k-temperature-v2-2017/data-version-2.0.0/Ocn-Palmyra.Cobb.2003.txt
      is primary: true
      primary age column: true
      has time tsid: PYTYKE3AQ5C
      values: 928.125
      values: 928.209
      values: 928.292
      values: 928.375
      values: 928.459
      values: 928.542
      values: 928.625
      values: 928.709
      values: 928.792
      values: 928.875
      values: 928.959
      values: 929.042
      values: 929.125
      values: 929.209
      values: 929.292
      values: 929.375
      values: 929.459
      values: 929.542
      values: 929.625
      values: 929.709
      values: 929.792
      values: 929.875
      values: 929.959
      values: 930.042
      values: 930.125
      values: 930.209
      values: 930.292
      values: 930.375
      values: 930.459
      values: 930.542
      values: 930.625
      values: 930.709
      values: 930.792
      values: 930.875
      values: 930.959
      values: 931.042
      values: 931.125
      values: 931.209
      values: 931.292
      values: 931.375
      values: 931.459
      values: 931.542
      values: 931.625
      values: 931.709
      values: 931.792
      values: 931.875
      values: 931.959
      values: 932.042
      values: 932.125
      values: 932.209
      values: 932.292
      values: 932.375
      values: 932.459
      values: 932.542
      values: 932.625
      values: 932.709
      values: 932.792
      values: 932.875
      values: 932.959
      values: 933.042
      values: 933.125
  measurement table:
    table name: paleo1measurement2
    missing value: NaN
    year:
      archive type: coral
      has max value: 1998
      has mean value: 1463.5794
      has median value: 1379
      has min value: 928
      inferred variable type: Year
      long name: AD
      measurement table name: measurementTable2
      notes: Data averaged as tropical year (March-April)
      resolution: PYTCJ28JVFU.year.Resolution
      t sid: PYTCJ28JVFU
      units: yr AD
      variable name: year
      variable type: inferred
      is primary: true
      primary age column: true
      has time tsid: PYTCJ28JVFU
      values: 928
      values: 929
      values: 930
      values: 931
      values: 932
      values: 933
      values: 934
      values: 935
      values: 936
      values: 937
      values: 938
      values: 939
      values: 940
      values: 941
      values: 942
      values: 943
      values: 944
      values: 945
      values: 946
      values: 947
      values: 948
      values: 949
      values: 950
      values: 951
      values: 952
      values: 953
      values: 954
      values: 955
      values: 956
      values: 957
      values: 958
      values: 959
      values: 960
      values: 961
      values: 1146
      values: 1147
      values: 1148
      values: 1149
      values: 1150
      values: 1151
      values: 1152
      values: 1153
      values: 1154
      values: 1155
      values: 1156
      values: 1157
      values: 1158
      values: 1159
      values: 1160
      values: 1161
      values: 1162
      values: 1163
      values: 1164
      values: 1165
      values: 1166
      values: 1167
      values: 1168
      values: 1169
      values: 1170
      values: 1171
      values: 1172
      values: 1173
      values: 1174
ages per kyr: NA
archive type: Coral
created by: matlab
data contributor: KLD, Stevenson, JEG
dataset id: ZA2B9QoiR70l4hEMXItG
data set name: Ocn-Palmyra.Cobb.2013
dataset version: 1.0.7
google data URL: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ypc8cLc2XZmrWBFK2Y25NNhERQzRvxLwRTVrip5jaOk
google metadata worksheet: o6pkr81
in compilation1: Ocean2k_v1.0.0
in compilation2: PAGES2k_v2.0.0
in compilation3: PAGES2k_v2.1.0
investigators: Cobb, K.
lipdverse link: https://lipdverse.org/data/ZA2B9QoiR70l4hEMXItG/1_0_8
max year: 1998
min year: 928
original data URL: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1875
study name: Palmyra Island oxygen isotope records
lipd version: 1.3
pub: El Nino/Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millennium
pub: U/Th-dating living and young fossil corals from the central tropical Pacific
pub: Highly variable El Nino-Southern Oscillation throughout the Holocene
pub: A central tropical Pacific coral demonstrates Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic decadal climate connections
pub: Tropical sea surface temperatures for the past four centuries reconstructed from coral archives
pub: World Data Center for Paleoclimatology

interp direction: negative
scope: climate
seasonality: subannual
variable: temperature
variable detail: sea@surface
direction: negative

has max value: 185.416
has mean value: 0.1677
has median value: 0.083
has min value: 0.082
units: AD

compilation name: Pages2kTemperature
compilation version: 2_1_1
compilation version: 2_1_2
compilation version: 2_1_3
compilation version: 2_1_4
compilation version: 2_2_0

has max value: 185.416
has mean value: 0.1677
has median value: 0.083
has min value: 0.082
units: AD

has max value: 185
has mean value: 2.0037
has median value: 1
has min value: 1
units: year A.D.

scope: climate

has max value: 185
has mean value: 2.0037
has median value: 1
has min value: 1
units: year A.D.

compilation name: Pages2kTemperature
compilation version: 2_1_1
compilation version: 2_1_2
compilation version: 2_1_3
compilation version: 2_1_4

archive type: coral
has max value: -4.288
has mean value: -4.8331
has median value: -4.8265
has min value: -5.521
long name: AD
mean value12k: NA
measurement table name: measurementTable2
median res12k: NA
notes: Data averaged as tropical year (March-April)
proxy observation type: d18O
t sid: PYTBWLHQW85
units: permil
variable name: d18O
variable type: measured
is primary: false
primary age column: false
has time tsid: PYTCJ28JVFU
values: -4.52
values: -4.57
values: -4.736
values: -4.695
values: -4.785
values: -4.81
values: -4.455
values: -4.466
values: -4.552
values: -4.684
values: -4.492
values: -4.375
values: -4.394
values: -4.46
values: -4.437
values: -4.34
values: -4.288
values: -4.64
values: -4.579
values: -4.83
values: -4.68
values: -4.61
values: -4.514
values: -4.472
values: -4.621
values: -4.735
values: -4.669
values: -4.661
values: -4.604
values: -4.618
values: -4.531
values: -4.543
values: NaN
values: -4.73
values: -4.827
values: -4.683
values: -4.563
values: -4.671
values: -4.629
values: -4.596
values: -4.585
values: -4.586
values: -4.697
values: -4.637
values: -4.708
values: -4.668
values: -4.771
values: -4.698
values: -4.689
values: -4.753
values: -4.589
values: -4.509
values: -4.559
values: -4.738
values: -4.833
values: -4.786
values: -4.677
values: -4.557
values: -4.564
values: -4.713
values: -4.927
values: -4.888

version: 1.0.8
last version: 1.0.7
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-06-07 00:01:53.672691 UTC
changes:
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_139): interpretation1_direction: '' has been replaced by 'negative'

version: 1.0.7
last version: 1.0.6
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-05-20 19:53:08.315901 UTC
changes:
  paleo column metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_139): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_139): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: year (PYTCJ28JVFU): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: year (PYTCJ28JVFU): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: year (PYTYKE3AQ5C): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: year (PYTYKE3AQ5C): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'

version: 1.0.6
last version: 1.0.5
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-04-09 21:54:13.165972 UTC
notes: Updated lipdverse database entry with a changed file.
changes:
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_139): interpretation1_seasonality: 'N/A (subannually resolved)' has been replaced by 'subannual'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_139): interpretation1_variable: 'T' has been replaced by 'temperature'

version: 1.0.5
last version: 1.0.4
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-04-09 20:17:26.753896 UTC
notes: Changes made as part of LiPDverse vocabulary standardization process
changes:
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_139): interpretation1_seasonality: 'N/A (subannually resolved)' has been replaced by 'subannual'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_139): interpretation1_variable: 'T' has been replaced by 'temperature'

version: 1.0.4
last version: 1.0.3
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-03-05 20:42:32.921483 UTC
notes: Changes made as part of LiPDverse vocabulary standardization process
changes:
  paleo column metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_139): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): paleoData_units: 'per mil' has been replaced by 'permil'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (PYTCJ28JVFU): paleoData_units: 'year A.D.' has been replaced by 'yr AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (PYTCJ28JVFU): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (PYTYKE3AQ5C): paleoData_units: 'AD' has been replaced by 'yr AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (PYTYKE3AQ5C): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'

version: 1.0.3
last version: 1.0.2
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-02-24 22:50:20.924845 UTC
notes: Updated lipdverse database entry with a changed file.
changes:
  base metadata: archiveType: 'coral' has been replaced by 'Coral'

version: 1.0.2
last version: 1.0.1
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2024-04-22 21:36:12 UTC
changes:
  publication metadata: pub1_title: 'El Niño/Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millennium' has been replaced by 'El Nino/Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millennium'

version: 1.0.1
last version: 1.0.0
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2022-08-23 23:47:30 UTC
changes:
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation1_interpDirection: 'negative' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation1_local: 'local' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation1_rank: '1' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation1_scope: 'Isotope' has been replaced by 'climate'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation1_seasonality: 'mean tropical annual' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation1_variable: 'Temperature' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation1_variableDetail: 'sea surface' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation2_interpDirection: 'positive' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation2_local: 'local' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation2_rank: '2' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation2_scope: 'Isotope' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation2_seasonality: 'mean tropical annual' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation2_variable: 'd18Osw' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (PYTBWLHQW85): interpretation2_variableDetail: 'sea surface' has been replaced by ''

version: 1.0.0
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2022-08-23 23:41:56 UTC
notes: Starting the changelog

El Nino/Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millennium
author: Cobb, Kim M.;Charles, Christopher D.;Cheng, Hai;Edwards, R. Lawrence
cite key: cobb2003elniosouthernoscillationa
data url: doi.org
doi: 10.1038/nature01779
journal: Nature
pages: 271-276
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
pub year: 2003
type: article
volume: 424
year: 2003

U/Th-dating living and young fossil corals from the central tropical Pacific
author: Cobb, Kim M.;Charles, Christopher D.;Cheng, Hai;Kastner, Miriam;Edwards, R.Lawrence
cite key: cobb2003uthdatinglivingandyoungfo
data url: doi.org
doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00138-9
journal: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
pages: 271-276
publisher: Elsevier BV
pub year: 2003
type: article
volume: 210
year: 2003

Highly variable El Nino-Southern Oscillation throughout the Holocene
author: Cobb, K. M.;Westphal, N.;Sayani, H. R.;Watson, J. T.;Di Lorenzo, E.;Cheng, H.;Edwards, R. L.;Charles, C. D.
cite key: cobb2013highlyvariableelninosouth
data url: doi.org
doi: 10.1126/science.1228246
journal: Science
pages: 271-276
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
pub year: 2013
type: article
volume: 339
year: 2013

A central tropical Pacific coral demonstrates Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic decadal climate connections
author: Cobb, Kim M.;Charles, Christopher D.;Hunter, David E.
cite key: cobb2001acentraltropicalpacificco
data url: doi.org
doi: 10.1029/2001GL012919
journal: Geophysical Research Letters
pages: 271-276
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
pub year: 2001
type: article
volume: 28
year: 2001

Tropical sea surface temperatures for the past four centuries reconstructed from coral archives
author: Tierney, Jessica E.;Abram, Nerilie J.;Anchukaitis, Kevin J.;Evans, Michael N.;Giry, Cyril;Kilbourne, K. Halimeda;Saenger, Casey P.;Wu, Henry C.;Zinke, Jens
cite key: tierney2015tropicalseasurfacetempera
data url: doi.org
doi: 10.1002/2014PA002717
issue: 3
journal: Paleoceanography
pages: 226-252
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
pub year: 2015
type: journal-article
volume: 30
year: 2015

World Data Center for Paleoclimatology
author: Cobb, K.M.
institution: World Data Center for Paleoclimatology
type: dataCitation
url: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1875
urldate: 2003

longitude: -162.13
latitude: 5.87
elevation: -7
geometry type: Point
ocean: Pacific
pages2k region: Ocean
site name: Palmyra