paleo data:
  measurement table:
    google work sheet key: owe432y
    table name: paleo1measurement1
    missing value: NaN
    d18 o:
      archive genus: Ceratoporella
      archive species: nicholsoni
      chronology integration time: 2to6
      chronology integration time basis: For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 11 samples were anayzed for U-Th. The external reproducibility of the U/Th dating results was determined as about i¿½20 years (2sem) by five replicate analyses of sample Ce96-40 and confirmed by analysis of three closely spaced sample pairs (Ce96-45/51, Ce96-170/172, Ce96-123/40). For one sample pair (Ce96-184/186) U/Th ages could not be confirmed within external reproducibility. As the age data of this specimen deviate significantly from a linear growth curve, we fitted a third order polynomial to the U/Th ages.
      chronology integration time uncertainty: 1-92 years
      chronology integration time uncertainty type: U-Th dating uncertainty
      chronology integration time units: years
      description: carbonate
      equilibrium evidence: The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bohm et al., 2000b].
      has chron: 1
      has max value: -0.61
      has mean value: -0.7949
      has median value: -0.79
      has min value: -0.95
      has paleo depth: 0
      has time tsid: MATccc9872c4c
      inferred material: subsurface seawater
      inferred material group: surface water
      inferred material group original: subsurface seawater
      instrument: Finnigan Mat 252 mass spectrometer with Kiel Device
      iso2k certification: KLD (12/31/19); DMT (12/31/19)
      iso2k hackathon notes: Archive team- in inferred material, need to differentiate between surface and subsurface water.
      iso2k primary timeseries: TRUE
      iso2k UI: SS03HAJA01A
      is primary: false
      long name: AD
      measurement material: Sclerosponge
      measurement material detail: aragonite
      measurement standard: PDB
      measurement table name: measurementTable1
      median res12k: NA
      notes: ; climateInterpretation_seasonality changed - was originally -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7; archiveType changed - was originally Sclerosponge (SS)
      pages2k id: Ocn_149
      pages2k ID: Ocn_149
      paleo data table name: pt1_1
      primary age column: false
      proxy: d18O
      proxy lumps: isotope
      proxy lumps original: d18O
      QC certification: KLD (12/31/19); DMT (12/31/19)
      t sid: Ocean2kHR_126_iso2k
      uncertainty analytical: �0.07 per mil
      units: permil
      use in global temperature analysis: TRUE
      variable name: d18O
      variable type: measured
      values: -0.91
      values: -0.79
      values: -0.88
      values: -0.82
      values: NaN
      values: -0.72
      values: -0.77
      values: -0.89
      values: -0.87
      values: -0.85
      values: -0.78
      values: -0.86
      values: -0.84
      values: -0.94
      values: -0.83
      values: -0.815
      values: -0.74
      values: -0.8
      values: -0.71
      values: -0.68
      values: -0.73
      values: -0.66
      values: -0.65
      values: -0.95
      values: -0.61
      values: -0.67
      values: -0.76
      values: -0.75
      values: -0.775
      values: -0.81
      values: -0.745
      values: -0.69
      values: -0.7
      values: -0.705
    year:
      data type: float
      description: Year AD
      has max value: 1991
      has mean value: 1632.738
      has median value: 1610
      has min value: 1344
      has time tsid: MATccc9872c4c
      inferred variable type: year
      iso2k primary timeseries: FALSE
      is primary: true
      long name: AD
      measurement table name: measurementTable1
      median res12k: NA
      paleo data table name: pt1_1
      primary age column: true
      t sid: MATccc9872c4c
      units: yr AD
      units original: CE
      variable name: year
      variable type: inferred
      values: 1991
      values: 1986
      values: 1982
      values: 1976
      values: 1975
      values: 1971
      values: 1967
      values: 1962
      values: 1960
      values: 1957
      values: 1954
      values: 1947
      values: 1940
      values: 1932
      values: 1926
      values: 1921
      values: 1915
      values: 1909
      values: 1904
      values: 1899
      values: 1893
      values: 1888
      values: 1883
      values: 1878
      values: 1873
      values: 1869
      values: 1864
      values: 1860
      values: 1855
      values: 1850
      values: 1845
      values: 1840
      values: 1834
      values: 1830
      values: 1826
      values: 1821
      values: 1817
      values: 1813
      values: 1808
      values: 1805
      values: 1800
      values: 1795
      values: 1784
      values: 1780
      values: 1775
      values: 1770
      values: 1765
      values: 1761
      values: 1756
      values: 1754
      values: 1747
      values: 1744
      values: 1739
      values: 1735
      values: 1730
      values: 1726
      values: 1722
      values: 1718
      values: 1714
      values: 1709
paleo data:
  measurement table:
    google work sheet key: on3do7l
    table name: paleo2measurement1
    missing value: NaN
    d18 o:
      archive genus: Ceratoporella
      archive species: nicholsoni
      chronology integration time: 2to6
      chronology integration time basis: For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 4 samples were anayzed for U-Th. 10 samples for radiocarbon analysis were removed. They compared D14C data with a D14C curve measured on a Florida surface water coral [Druffel, 1989]. The fit was constrained by assuming that the growth rate was constant in the relevant part of the sponge skeleton. They further assume that the timing of the radiocarbon increase at 125 mbsl was similar to surface waters in that region because the amplitude of change in D14C is similar to the surface water change. For specimen Pb19 a mean growth rate of 0.19 mm/a was calculated from the slope of a linear fit to the dated tie points. A lifespan from about 1400 A.D. to 1996 A.D. was determined by extrapolating the mean growth rate to the base of the skeleton. The U/Th chronology is independently confirmed by the correct localization of the nuclear weapon test radiocarbon increase at a depth of about 5.9 mm below the surface of the skeleton (Figure 6, Table 2). Further independent support for the reliability of our chronologies is provided from the fit of d13C data of the investigated sponge skeletons and atmospheric CO2 records [Boi¿½hm et al., 2002].
      chronology integration time uncertainty: 1-25 years
      chronology integration time uncertainty type: U-Th dating uncertainty
      chronology integration time units: years
      description: carbonate
      equilibrium evidence: The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bohm et al., 2000b].
      has chron: 1
      has max value: -0.23
      has mean value: -0.3624
      has median value: -0.36
      has min value: -0.54
      has paleo depth: 0
      has time tsid: MATdc531c8775
      inferred material: subsurface seawater
      inferred material group: surface water
      inferred material group original: subsurface seawater
      instrument: Finnigan Mat 252 mass spectrometer with Kiel Device
      iso2k certification: KLD (12/31/19); DMT (12/31/19)
      iso2k hackathon notes: Archive team- in inferred material, need to differentiate between surface and subsurface water.
      iso2k primary timeseries: TRUE
      iso2k UI: SS03HAJA02A
      is primary: false
      long name: AD
      measurement material: Sclerosponge
      measurement material detail: aragonite
      measurement standard: PDB
      measurement table name: measurementTable1
      median res12k: NA
      notes: ; climateInterpretation_seasonality changed - was originally -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7; archiveType changed - was originally Sclerosponge (SS)
      pages2k id: Ocn_151
      pages2k ID: Ocn_151
      paleo data table name: pt2_1
      primary age column: false
      proxy: d18O
      proxy lumps: isotope
      proxy lumps original: d18O
      QC certification: KLD (12/31/19); DMT (12/31/19)
      t sid: Ocean2kHR_128_iso2k
      uncertainty analytical: �0.07 per mil
      uncertainty reproducibility: Three transects were sampled as a test for reproducibility (Figures 5 and 10b). Correlation between the transects was carried out by following the growth bands of the skeleton. The trends and larger features are well-reproduced in the three transects. However, transect 1 is offset from the other two transects by about 0.1%.
      units: permil
      use in global temperature analysis: TRUE
      variable name: d18O
      variable type: measured
      values: -0.43
      values: -0.39
      values: -0.42
      values: -0.45
      values: NaN
      values: -0.37
      values: -0.36
      values: -0.33
      values: -0.35
      values: -0.41
      values: -0.44
      values: -0.34
      values: -0.23
      values: -0.32
      values: -0.48
      values: -0.3
      values: -0.47
      values: -0.49
      values: -0.29
      values: -0.31
      values: -0.28
      values: -0.38
      values: -0.4
      values: -0.46
      values: -0.54
      values: -0.27
      values: -0.26
      values: -0.25
      values: -0.24
data set name: SS03HAJA
archive type: Sclerosponge
archive type original: sclerosponge
collection name: Pb19
created by: matlab
data acquisition notes: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo/f
data contributor: CS
dataset id: XWP4W5INaUdeS85EEjwA
dataset version: 1.0.6
google metadata worksheet: og9ecpj
has chron: 1
has depth: 0
has paleo depth: 0
investigators: Haase-Schramm
lipdverse link: https://lipdverse.org/data/XWP4W5INaUdeS85EEjwA/1_0_6
max year: 1991
min year: 1344
modern system instrumental dataset coordinates: 18.47, -77.95
modern system instrumental dataset URL: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/caribbean/montego_bay_2003.txt
notes: Haase-Schramm 2005, they sample the time interval from 1620 to 1745 A.D. with almost monthly resolution. Bohm 2002 also looks at this sponge but reports d13C.
n unique ages: 14
n unique good ages: 0
n unique other ages: 0
original data url: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1878
original data URL: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1878
study name: Pedro Bank, Jamaica sclerosponge SrCa
lipd version: 1.3
pub: Sr/Ca ratios and oxygen isotopes from sclerosponges: Temperature history of the Caribbean mixed layer and thermocline during the Little Ice Age
pub: Ocean2kHR-AtlanticPedroBankHaaseSchramm2003

basis: We conclude that, together with variations in seawater d18O, the pH effect on d18O of carbonates can obscure the temperature signal in the sponge d18O record sufficiently to explain the divergent trends of the Sr/Ca and the oxygen isotope records. These results indicate that for temperature reconstructions using C. nicholsoni skeletons, Sr/Ca is a more robust proxy than d18O.
direction: decrease
interp direction: decrease
scope: climate
seasonality: Aug-Jul
variable: temperature
variable detail: 20 mbsl
variable group: temperature and salinity

scope: climate

scope: climate

basis: The d18Owater salinity relation in the Caribbean is on the order of 0.2 to 0.3%/psu [Ruhlemann et al., 1999; Watanabe et al., 2001]. Oxygen isotope records of these sponges do notreveal reproducible temperature signals. Variations in thed18O of the ambient water and the pH effect on the oxygenisotopic composition of carbonates [Zeebe, 1999] mayobscure temperature signals in thed18O records.
coefficient: NA
direction: positive
equilibrium evidence: The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bo�hm et al., 2000b].
fraction: NA
inferred material: seawater
integration time: 2to6
integration time basis: For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 11 samples were anayzed for U-Th. The external reproducibility of the U/Th dating results was determined as about �20 years (2sem) by five replicate analyses of sample Ce96-40 and confirmed by analysis of three closely spaced sample pairs (Ce96-45/51, Ce96-170/172, Ce96-123/40). For one sample pair (Ce96-184/186) U/Th ages could not be confirmed within external reproducibility. As the age data of this specimen deviate significantly from a linear growth curve, we fitted a third order polynomial to the U/Th ages.
integration time uncertainty: 1-92 years
integration time uncertainty type: U-Th dating uncertainty
integration time units: year
mathematical relation: linear
rank: 1
scope: isotope
variable: seawaterIsotope
variable group: EffectiveMoisture
variable group direction: negative
variable group original: d18O_seawater

basis: Temperature equation of Bohm et al. [2000]. Oxygen isotope records of these sponges do notreveal reproducible temperature signals. Variations in thed18O of the ambient water and the pH effect on the oxygenisotopic composition of carbonates [Zeebe, 1999] mayobscure temperature signals in thed18O records.
coefficient: NA
direction: negative
equilibrium evidence: The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bo�hm et al., 2000b].
fraction: NA
inferred material: seawater
integration time: 6-Feb
integration time basis: For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 11 samples were anayzed for U-Th. The external reproducibility of the U/Th dating results was determined as about �20 years (2sem) by five replicate analyses of sample Ce96-40 and confirmed by analysis of three closely spaced sample pairs (Ce96-45/51, Ce96-170/172, Ce96-123/40). For one sample pair (Ce96-184/186) U/Th ages could not be confirmed within external reproducibility. As the age data of this specimen deviate significantly from a linear growth curve, we fitted a third order polynomial to the U/Th ages.
integration time uncertainty: 1-92 years
integration time uncertainty type: U-Th dating uncertainty
integration time units: year
mathematical relation: linear
rank: 2
scope: isotope
variable: temperature
variable group: Temperature
variable group direction: negative
variable group original: T_water

coefficient: NA
fraction: NA
rank: NA
scope: isotope

equation: T=20.0-4.42*(d18Oc-d18Ow)
notes: combines new sclerosponge data with Grossman and Ku, 1986 (10.1016/0168-9622(86)90057-6)
reference: 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00408-1

has max value: 11
has mean value: 3.4785
has median value: 3
has min value: 1
units: AD

compilation name: iso2k
compilation version: 0_14_8
compilation version: 0_15_0
compilation version: 1_0_0
compilation version: 1_0_1
compilation version: 1_1_0
compilation version: 1_1_1
compilation version: 1_1_2

has max value: 11
has mean value: 3.4785
has median value: 3
has min value: 1
units: AD

has max value: 8
has mean value: 4.5682
has median value: 5
has min value: 1
units: AD

basis: lower limit of 95% ci of difference in Sr/Ca between -20 and -125m, divided by difference in observed T at those depths.
direction: decrease
interp direction: decrease
scope: climate
seasonality: Aug-Jul
variable: temperature
variable detail: sea@surface
variable detail original: sea_surface
variable group: Temperature
variable group direction: negative
variable group original: T
variable original: temperature

scope: climate

scope: climate

coefficient: NA
fraction: NA
inferred material: seawater
rank: NA
scope: isotope

coefficient: NA
fraction: NA
rank: NA
scope: isotope

coefficient: NA
fraction: NA
rank: NA
scope: isotope

equation: Tanomaly=-0.11*Sr/Ca anomaly

has max value: 11
has mean value: 3.4699
has median value: 3
has min value: 1
units: AD

has max value: 11
has mean value: 3.4699
has median value: 3
has min value: 1
units: AD

basis: lower limit of 95% ci of difference in Sr/Ca between -20 and -125m, divided by difference in observed T at those depths.
direction: decrease
interp direction: decrease
scope: climate
seasonality: Aug-Jul
variable: temperature
variable detail: sea@surface
variable detail original: sea_surface
variable group: Temperature
variable group direction: negative
variable group original: T
variable original: temperature

scope: climate

scope: climate

coefficient: NA
fraction: NA
inferred material: seawater
rank: NA
scope: isotope

coefficient: NA
fraction: NA
rank: NA
scope: isotope

coefficient: NA
fraction: NA
rank: NA
scope: isotope

equation: Tanomaly=-0.11*Sr/Ca anomaly

has max value: 8
has mean value: 4.5714
has median value: 5
has min value: 1
units: AD

has max value: 8
has mean value: 4.5714
has median value: 5
has min value: 1
units: AD

basis: d18O calibration to T assuming constant d18Ow
direction: decrease
interp direction: decrease
scope: climate
seasonality: Aug-Jul
variable: temperature
variable detail: 125 mbsl
variable group: temperature and salinity

scope: climate

scope: climate

basis: The d18Owater salinity relation in the Caribbean is on the order of 0.2 to 0.3%/psu [Ruhlemann et al., 1999; Watanabe et al., 2001]. Oxygen isotope records of these sponges do notreveal reproducible temperature signals. Variations in thed18O of the ambient water and the pH effect on the oxygenisotopic composition of carbonates [Zeebe, 1999] mayobscure temperature signals in thed18O records.
coefficient: NA
direction: positive
equilibrium evidence: The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bo�hm et al., 2000b].
fraction: NA
inferred material: seawater
integration time: 2to6
integration time basis: For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 4 samples were anayzed for U-Th. 10 samples for radiocarbon analysis were removed. They compared D14C data with a D14C curve measured on a Florida surface water coral [Druffel, 1989]. The fit was constrained by assuming that the growth rate was constant in the relevant part of the sponge skeleton. They further assume that the timing of the radiocarbon increase at 125 mbsl was similar to surface waters in that region because the amplitude of change in D14C is similar to the surface water change. For specimen Pb19 a mean growth rate of 0.19 mm/a was calculated from the slope of a linear fit to the dated tie points. A lifespan from about 1400 A.D. to 1996 A.D. was determined by extrapolating the mean growth rate to the base of the skeleton. The U/Th chronology is independently confirmed by the correct localization of the nuclear weapon test radiocarbon increase at a depth of about 5.9 mm below the surface of the skeleton (Figure 6, Table 2). Further independent support for the reliability of our chronologies is provided from the fit of d13C data of the investigated sponge skeletons and atmospheric CO2 records [Bo�hm et al., 2002].
integration time uncertainty: 1-25 years
integration time uncertainty type: U-Th dating uncertainty
integration time units: year
mathematical relation: linear
rank: 1
scope: isotope
variable: seawaterIsotope
variable group: EffectiveMoisture
variable group direction: negative
variable group original: d18O_seawater

basis: Temperature equation of Bohm et al. [2000]. Oxygen isotope records of these sponges do notreveal reproducible temperature signals. Variations in thed18O of the ambient water and the pH effect on the oxygenisotopic composition of carbonates [Zeebe, 1999] mayobscure temperature signals in thed18O records.
coefficient: NA
direction: negative
equilibrium evidence: The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bo�hm et al., 2000b].
fraction: NA
inferred material: seawater
integration time: 6-Feb
integration time basis: For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 4 samples were anayzed for U-Th. 10 samples for radiocarbon analysis were removed. They compared D14C data with a D14C curve measured on a Florida surface water coral [Druffel, 1989]. The fit was constrained by assuming that the growth rate was constant in the relevant part of the sponge skeleton. They further assume that the timing of the radiocarbon increase at 125 mbsl was similar to surface waters in that region because the amplitude of change in D14C is similar to the surface water change. For specimen Pb19 a mean growth rate of 0.19 mm/a was calculated from the slope of a linear fit to the dated tie points. A lifespan from about 1400 A.D. to 1996 A.D. was determined by extrapolating the mean growth rate to the base of the skeleton. The U/Th chronology is independently confirmed by the correct localization of the nuclear weapon test radiocarbon increase at a depth of about 5.9 mm below the surface of the skeleton (Figure 6, Table 2). Further independent support for the reliability of our chronologies is provided from the fit of d13C data of the investigated sponge skeletons and atmospheric CO2 records [Bo�hm et al., 2002].
integration time uncertainty: 1-25 years
integration time uncertainty type: U-Th dating uncertainty
integration time units: year
mathematical relation: linear
rank: 2
scope: isotope
variable: temperature
variable group: Temperature
variable group direction: negative
variable group original: T_water

coefficient: NA
fraction: NA
rank: NA
scope: isotope

equation: T=20.0-4.42*(d18Oc-d18Ow)
notes: combines new sclerosponge data with Grossman and Ku, 1986 (10.1016/0168-9622(86)90057-6)
reference: 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00408-1

has max value: 8
has mean value: 4.5682
has median value: 5
has min value: 1
units: AD

compilation name: iso2k
compilation version: 0_14_8
compilation version: 0_15_0
compilation version: 1_0_0
compilation version: 1_0_1
compilation version: 1_1_0
compilation version: 1_1_1
compilation version: 1_1_2

data type: float
description: Year AD
has max value: 1992
has mean value: 1714.5038
has median value: 1726
has min value: 1389
has time tsid: MATdc531c8775
inferred variable type: year
iso2k primary timeseries: FALSE
is primary: true
long name: AD
measurement table name: measurementTable1
median res12k: NA
paleo data table name: pt2_1
primary age column: true
t sid: MATdc531c8775
units: yr AD
units original: CE
variable name: year
variable type: inferred
values: 1992
values: 1987
values: 1982
values: 1979
values: 1977
values: 1974
values: 1972
values: 1971
values: 1967
values: 1963
values: 1957
values: 1952
values: 1950
values: 1948
values: 1947
values: 1945
values: 1943
values: 1939
values: 1934
values: 1930
values: 1928
values: 1927
values: 1926
values: 1921
values: 1918
values: 1913
values: 1911
values: 1909
values: 1905
values: 1899
values: 1897
values: 1895
values: 1891
values: 1890
values: 1885
values: 1881
values: 1875
values: 1870
values: 1865
values: 1859
values: 1854
values: 1849
values: 1844
values: 1843
values: 1837
values: 1833
values: 1828
values: 1823
values: 1818
values: 1813
values: 1808
values: 1802
values: 1797
values: 1791
values: 1785
values: 1780
values: 1774
values: 1769
values: 1763
values: 1758

measurement table:
  google work sheet key: o3rm95u
  table name: paleo3measurement1
  missing value: NaN
  ca:
    archive genus: Ceratoporella
    archive species: nicholsoni
    description: carbonate
    has chron: 1
    has max value: 9.902
    has mean value: 9.6925
    has median value: 9.6985
    has min value: 9.267
    has paleo depth: 0
    has time tsid: MAT39811b4a7c
    inferred material: subsurface_seawater
    inferred material group: subsurface_seawater
    inferred material group original: surface seawater
    iso2k certification: KLD (12/31/19)
    iso2k hackathon notes: Archive team- in inferred material, need to differentiate between surface and subsurface water.
    iso2k primary timeseries: FALSE
    iso2k UI: SS03HAJA01AT1
    is primary: false
    long name: AD
    measurement material: Sclerosponge
    measurement material detail: aragonite
    measurement table name: measurementTable1
    median res12k: NA
    notes: ; paleoData_variableName changed - was originally Sr_Ca; climateInterpretation_seasonality changed - was originally -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7; paleoData_variableName changed - was originally Sr_Ca; archiveType changed - was originally Sclerosponge (SS)
    pages2k id: Ocn_150
    pages2k ID: Ocn_150
    paleo data table name: pt3_1
    primary age column: false
    proxy: Sr/Ca
    proxy lumps: major_element
    proxy lumps original: Sr/Ca
    QC certification: KLD (12/31/19)
    t sid: Ocean2kHR_127_iso2k
    units: mmol/mol
    use in global temperature analysis: TRUE
    variable name: Sr/Ca
    variable name original: Sr_Ca
    values: 9.525
    values: 9.494
    values: 9.52
    values: NaN
    values: 9.54
    values: 9.4745
    values: 9.509
    values: 9.483
    values: 9.584
    values: 9.536
    values: 9.267
    values: 9.468
    values: 9.618
    values: 9.435
    values: 9.696
    values: 9.604
    values: 9.603
    values: 9.728
    values: 9.774
    values: 9.658
    values: 9.665
    values: 9.755
    values: 9.541
    values: 9.668
    values: 9.702
    values: 9.712
    values: 9.64
    values: 9.729
    values: 9.63
    values: 9.81
    values: 9.727
    values: 9.849
    values: 9.761
    values: 9.82
    values: 9.685
    values: 9.902
    values: 9.874
    values: 9.887
    values: 9.878
    values: 9.827
    values: 9.797
    values: 9.773
    values: 9.7035
  year:
    data type: float
    description: Year AD
    has max value: 1991
    has mean value: 1637.375
    has median value: 1613
    has min value: 1356
    has time tsid: MAT39811b4a7c
    inferred variable type: year
    iso2k primary timeseries: FALSE
    is primary: true
    long name: AD
    measurement table name: measurementTable1
    median res12k: NA
    paleo data table name: pt3_1
    primary age column: true
    t sid: MAT39811b4a7c
    units: yr AD
    units original: CE
    variable name: year
    variable type: inferred
    values: 1991
    values: 1986
    values: 1982
    values: 1976
    values: 1975
    values: 1971
    values: 1967
    values: 1962
    values: 1960
    values: 1957
    values: 1954
    values: 1947
    values: 1940
    values: 1932
    values: 1926
    values: 1921
    values: 1915
    values: 1909
    values: 1904
    values: 1899
    values: 1893
    values: 1888
    values: 1883
    values: 1878
    values: 1873
    values: 1869
    values: 1864
    values: 1860
    values: 1855
    values: 1850
    values: 1845
    values: 1840
    values: 1834
    values: 1830
    values: 1826
    values: 1821
    values: 1817
    values: 1813
    values: 1808
    values: 1805
    values: 1800
    values: 1795
    values: 1784
    values: 1780
    values: 1775
    values: 1770
    values: 1765
    values: 1761
    values: 1756
    values: 1754
    values: 1747
    values: 1744
    values: 1739
    values: 1735
    values: 1730
    values: 1726
    values: 1722
    values: 1718
    values: 1714
    values: 1709

measurement table:
  google work sheet key: o824kjw
  table name: paleo4measurement1
  missing value: NaN
  ca:
    archive genus: Ceratoporella
    archive species: nicholsoni
    description: carbonate
    has chron: 1
    has max value: 10.148
    has mean value: 9.8376
    has median value: 9.858
    has min value: 9.387
    has paleo depth: 0
    has time tsid: MATb745b71977
    inferred material: subsurface_seawater
    inferred material group: subsurface_seawater
    inferred material group original: surface seawater
    iso2k certification: KLD (12/31/19)
    iso2k hackathon notes: Archive team- in inferred material, need to differentiate between surface and subsurface water.
    iso2k primary timeseries: FALSE
    iso2k UI: SS03HAJA02AT1
    is primary: false
    long name: AD
    measurement material: Sclerosponge
    measurement material detail: aragonite
    measurement table name: measurementTable1
    median res12k: NA
    notes: ; paleoData_variableName changed - was originally Sr_Ca; climateInterpretation_seasonality changed - was originally -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7; paleoData_variableName changed - was originally Sr_Ca; archiveType changed - was originally Sclerosponge (SS)
    pages2k id: Ocn_152
    pages2k ID: Ocn_152
    paleo data table name: pt4_1
    primary age column: false
    proxy: Sr/Ca
    proxy lumps: major_element
    proxy lumps original: Sr/Ca
    QC certification: KLD (12/31/19)
    t sid: Ocean2kHR_129_iso2k
    units: mmol/mol
    use in global temperature analysis: TRUE
    variable name: Sr/Ca
    variable name original: Sr_Ca
    values: 9.479
    values: 9.611
    values: 9.534
    values: 9.714
    values: NaN
    values: 9.517
    values: 9.731
    values: 9.565
    values: 9.387
    values: 9.697
    values: 9.897
    values: 9.657
    values: 9.834
    values: 9.654
    values: 9.734
    values: 9.8
    values: 10.062
    values: 9.947
    values: 9.719
    values: 9.66
    values: 9.845
    values: 9.822
    values: 9.742
    values: 9.916
    values: 9.96
    values: 10.097
    values: 9.93
    values: 9.861
    values: 9.898
    values: 9.932
    values: 9.919
    values: 9.891
    values: 10.131
    values: 9.944
    values: 9.91
    values: 9.966
    values: 10.148
    values: 9.923
    values: 9.842
    values: 10.017
    values: 9.969
    values: 9.868
    values: 9.87
  year:
    data type: float
    description: Year AD
    has max value: 1992
    has mean value: 1712.0373
    has median value: 1723.5
    has min value: 1384
    has time tsid: MATb745b71977
    inferred variable type: year
    iso2k primary timeseries: FALSE
    is primary: true
    long name: AD
    measurement table name: measurementTable1
    median res12k: NA
    paleo data table name: pt4_1
    primary age column: true
    t sid: MATb745b71977
    units: yr AD
    units original: CE
    variable name: year
    variable type: inferred
    values: 1992
    values: 1987
    values: 1982
    values: 1979
    values: 1977
    values: 1974
    values: 1972
    values: 1971
    values: 1967
    values: 1963
    values: 1957
    values: 1952
    values: 1950
    values: 1948
    values: 1947
    values: 1945
    values: 1943
    values: 1939
    values: 1934
    values: 1930
    values: 1928
    values: 1927
    values: 1926
    values: 1921
    values: 1918
    values: 1913
    values: 1911
    values: 1909
    values: 1905
    values: 1899
    values: 1897
    values: 1895
    values: 1891
    values: 1890
    values: 1885
    values: 1881
    values: 1875
    values: 1870
    values: 1865
    values: 1859
    values: 1854
    values: 1849
    values: 1844
    values: 1843
    values: 1837
    values: 1833
    values: 1828
    values: 1823
    values: 1818
    values: 1813
    values: 1808
    values: 1802
    values: 1797
    values: 1791
    values: 1785
    values: 1780
    values: 1774
    values: 1769
    values: 1763
    values: 1758

version: 1.0.6
last version: 1.0.5
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-04-17 20:05:05.605949 UTC
changes:
  paleo column metadata: year (MAT39811b4a7c): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: year (MAT39811b4a7c): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATb745b71977): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATb745b71977): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATccc9872c4c): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATccc9872c4c): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATdc531c8775): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATdc531c8775): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'TRUE'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_129): paleoData_isPrimary: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'
  paleo column metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_129): paleoData_primaryAgeColumn: '' has been replaced by 'FALSE'

version: 1.0.5
last version: 1.0.4
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-04-11 16:27:24.048368 UTC
changes:
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_basis: 'The d18Owater salinity relation in the Caribbean is on the order of 0.2 to 0.3%/psu [Ruhlemann et al., 1999; Watanabe et al., 2001]. Oxygen isotope records of these sponges do notreveal reproducible temperature signals. Variations in thed18O of the ambient water and the pH effect on the oxygenisotopic composition of carbonates [Zeebe, 1999] mayobscure temperature signals in thed18O records.' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_direction: 'positive' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_equilibriumEvidence: 'The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bo�hm et al., 2000b].' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_inferredMaterial: 'seawater' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_integrationTime: '2to6' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_integrationTimeBasis: 'For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 11 samples were anayzed for U-Th. The external reproducibility of the U/Th dating results was determined as about �20 years (2sem) by five replicate analyses of sample Ce96-40 and confirmed by analysis of three closely spaced sample pairs (Ce96-45/51, Ce96-170/172, Ce96-123/40). For one sample pair (Ce96-184/186) U/Th ages could not be confirmed within external reproducibility. As the age data of this specimen deviate significantly from a linear growth curve, we fitted a third order polynomial to the U/Th ages.' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_integrationTimeUncertainty: '1-92 years' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_integrationTimeUncertaintyType: 'U-Th dating uncertainty' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_integrationTimeUnits: 'year' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_mathematicalRelation: 'linear' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_rank: '1' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_scope: 'isotope' has been replaced by 'climate'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_variable: 'seawaterIsotope' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_variableGroup: 'EffectiveMoisture' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_variableGroupDirection: 'negative' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_variableGroupOriginal: 'd18O_seawater' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_basis: 'Temperature equation of Bohm et al. [2000]. Oxygen isotope records of these sponges do notreveal reproducible temperature signals. Variations in thed18O of the ambient water and the pH effect on the oxygenisotopic composition of carbonates [Zeebe, 1999] mayobscure temperature signals in thed18O records.' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_direction: 'negative' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_equilibriumEvidence: 'The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bo�hm et al., 2000b].' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_inferredMaterial: 'seawater' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_integrationTime: '6-Feb' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_integrationTimeBasis: 'For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 11 samples were anayzed for U-Th. The external reproducibility of the U/Th dating results was determined as about �20 years (2sem) by five replicate analyses of sample Ce96-40 and confirmed by analysis of three closely spaced sample pairs (Ce96-45/51, Ce96-170/172, Ce96-123/40). For one sample pair (Ce96-184/186) U/Th ages could not be confirmed within external reproducibility. As the age data of this specimen deviate significantly from a linear growth curve, we fitted a third order polynomial to the U/Th ages.' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_integrationTimeUncertainty: '1-92 years' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_integrationTimeUncertaintyType: 'U-Th dating uncertainty' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_integrationTimeUnits: 'year' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_mathematicalRelation: 'linear' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_rank: '2' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_scope: 'isotope' has been replaced by 'climate'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_variable: 'temperature' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_variableGroup: 'Temperature' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_variableGroupDirection: 'negative' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_variableGroupOriginal: 'T_water' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_rank: '' has been replaced by '1'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_basis: '' has been replaced by 'The d18Owater salinity relation in the Caribbean is on the order of 0.2 to 0.3%/psu [Ruhlemann et al., 1999; Watanabe et al., 2001]. Oxygen isotope records of these sponges do notreveal reproducible temperature signals. Variations in thed18O of the ambient water and the pH effect on the oxygenisotopic composition of carbonates [Zeebe, 1999] mayobscure temperature signals in thed18O records.'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_direction: '' has been replaced by 'positive'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_equilibriumEvidence: '' has been replaced by 'The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bo�hm et al., 2000b].'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_inferredMaterial: '' has been replaced by 'seawater'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_integrationTime: '' has been replaced by '2to6'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_integrationTimeBasis: '' has been replaced by 'For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 11 samples were anayzed for U-Th. The external reproducibility of the U/Th dating results was determined as about �20 years (2sem) by five replicate analyses of sample Ce96-40 and confirmed by analysis of three closely spaced sample pairs (Ce96-45/51, Ce96-170/172, Ce96-123/40). For one sample pair (Ce96-184/186) U/Th ages could not be confirmed within external reproducibility. As the age data of this specimen deviate significantly from a linear growth curve, we fitted a third order polynomial to the U/Th ages.'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_integrationTimeUncertainty: '' has been replaced by '1-92 years'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_integrationTimeUncertaintyType: '' has been replaced by 'U-Th dating uncertainty'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_integrationTimeUnits: '' has been replaced by 'year'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_mathematicalRelation: '' has been replaced by 'linear'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_variable: '' has been replaced by 'seawaterIsotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_variableGroup: '' has been replaced by 'EffectiveMoisture'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_variableGroupDirection: '' has been replaced by 'negative'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_variableGroupOriginal: '' has been replaced by 'd18O_seawater'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_basis: '' has been replaced by 'Temperature equation of Bohm et al. [2000]. Oxygen isotope records of these sponges do notreveal reproducible temperature signals. Variations in thed18O of the ambient water and the pH effect on the oxygenisotopic composition of carbonates [Zeebe, 1999] mayobscure temperature signals in thed18O records.'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_direction: '' has been replaced by 'negative'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_equilibriumEvidence: '' has been replaced by 'The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bo�hm et al., 2000b].'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_inferredMaterial: '' has been replaced by 'seawater'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_integrationTime: '' has been replaced by '6-Feb'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_integrationTimeBasis: '' has been replaced by 'For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 11 samples were anayzed for U-Th. The external reproducibility of the U/Th dating results was determined as about �20 years (2sem) by five replicate analyses of sample Ce96-40 and confirmed by analysis of three closely spaced sample pairs (Ce96-45/51, Ce96-170/172, Ce96-123/40). For one sample pair (Ce96-184/186) U/Th ages could not be confirmed within external reproducibility. As the age data of this specimen deviate significantly from a linear growth curve, we fitted a third order polynomial to the U/Th ages.'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_integrationTimeUncertainty: '' has been replaced by '1-92 years'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_integrationTimeUncertaintyType: '' has been replaced by 'U-Th dating uncertainty'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_integrationTimeUnits: '' has been replaced by 'year'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_mathematicalRelation: '' has been replaced by 'linear'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_rank: '' has been replaced by '2'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_variable: '' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_variableGroup: '' has been replaced by 'Temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_variableGroupDirection: '' has been replaced by 'negative'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation5_variableGroupOriginal: '' has been replaced by 'T_water'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation6_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation2_inferredMaterial: 'seawater' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation2_scope: 'isotope' has been replaced by 'climate'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation3_scope: 'isotope' has been replaced by 'climate'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation4_inferredMaterial: '' has been replaced by 'seawater'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation5_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation6_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_basis: 'The d18Owater salinity relation in the Caribbean is on the order of 0.2 to 0.3%/psu [Ruhlemann et al., 1999; Watanabe et al., 2001]. Oxygen isotope records of these sponges do notreveal reproducible temperature signals. Variations in thed18O of the ambient water and the pH effect on the oxygenisotopic composition of carbonates [Zeebe, 1999] mayobscure temperature signals in thed18O records.' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_direction: 'positive' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_equilibriumEvidence: 'The observation that sponges precipitate aragonite in chemical and isotopic equilibrium indicates that the composition of the precipitating fluid is hardly influenced by the sponge metabolism. Thus pH changes in the ambient seawater may be directly monitored by the d18O record of the sponge aragonite. This hypothesis is supported by the boron isotopic composition of sponge skeletons, which indicates mineralization under seawater pH conditions [Bo�hm et al., 2000b].' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_inferredMaterial: 'seawater' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_integrationTime: '2to6' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_integrationTimeBasis: 'For U-Th analysis, 0.3 to 1g of sponge material was drilled along visible growth layers. The sample size was chosen so that the width and depth of the sampling groove was equivalent to a period of about 20 years, given a growth rate on the order of 0.2 mm/a. 4 samples were anayzed for U-Th. 10 samples for radiocarbon analysis were removed. They compared D14C data with a D14C curve measured on a Florida surface water coral [Druffel, 1989]. The fit was constrained by assuming that the growth rate was constant in the relevant part of the sponge skeleton. They further assume that the timing of the radiocarbon increase at 125 mbsl was similar to surface waters in that region because the amplitude of change in D14C is similar to the surface water change. For specimen Pb19 a mean growth rate of 0.19 mm/a was calculated from the slope of a linear fit to the dated tie points. A lifespan from about 1400 A.D. to 1996 A.D. was determined by extrapolating the mean growth rate to the base of the skeleton. The U/Th chronology is independently confirmed by the correct localization of the nuclear weapon test radiocarbon increase at a depth of about 5.9 mm below the surface of the skeleton (Figure 6, Table 2). Further independent support for the reliability of our chronologies is provided from the fit of d13C data of the investigated sponge skeletons and atmospheric CO2 records [Bo�hm et al., 2002].' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_integrationTimeUncertainty: '1-25 years' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_integrationTimeUncertaintyType: 'U-Th dating uncertainty' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_integrationTimeUnits: 'year' has been replaced by ''
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_mathematicalRelation: 'linear' has been replaced by ''

version: 1.0.4
last version: 1.0.3
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-04-09 21:54:37.011194 UTC
notes: Updated lipdverse database entry with a changed file.
changes:
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation1_seasonality: '-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7' has been replaced by 'Aug-Jul'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation1_variable: 'temperature and salinity' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_variable: 'd18O_seawater' has been replaced by 'seawaterIsotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_variable: 'T_water' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation1_seasonality: '-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7' has been replaced by 'Aug-Jul'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation1_variable: 'T' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation1_seasonality: '-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7' has been replaced by 'Aug-Jul'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation1_variable: 'temperature and salinity' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_variable: 'd18O_seawater' has been replaced by 'seawaterIsotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation3_variable: 'T_water' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_129): interpretation1_seasonality: '-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7' has been replaced by 'Aug-Jul'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_129): interpretation1_variable: 'T' has been replaced by 'temperature'

version: 1.0.3
last version: 1.0.2
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-04-09 20:28:04.845158 UTC
notes: Changes made as part of LiPDverse vocabulary standardization process
changes:
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation1_seasonality: '-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7' has been replaced by 'Aug-Jul'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation1_variable: 'temperature and salinity' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation2_variable: 'd18O_seawater' has been replaced by 'seawaterIsotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation3_variable: 'T_water' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation1_seasonality: '-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7' has been replaced by 'Aug-Jul'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation1_variable: 'T' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation1_seasonality: '-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7' has been replaced by 'Aug-Jul'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation1_variable: 'temperature and salinity' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation2_variable: 'd18O_seawater' has been replaced by 'seawaterIsotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation3_variable: 'T_water' has been replaced by 'temperature'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_129): interpretation1_seasonality: '-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7' has been replaced by 'Aug-Jul'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_129): interpretation1_variable: 'T' has been replaced by 'temperature'

version: 1.0.2
last version: 1.0.1
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2025-04-08 17:34:53.949976 UTC
notes: Changes made as part of LiPDverse vocabulary standardization process
changes:
  paleo column metadata: year (MAT39811b4a7c): paleoData_units: 'AD' has been replaced by 'yr AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (MAT39811b4a7c): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATb745b71977): paleoData_units: 'AD' has been replaced by 'yr AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATb745b71977): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATccc9872c4c): paleoData_units: 'AD' has been replaced by 'yr AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATccc9872c4c): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATdc531c8775): paleoData_units: 'AD' has been replaced by 'yr AD'
  paleo column metadata: year (MATdc531c8775): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
  paleo column metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
  paleo column metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'
  paleo column metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_129): paleoData_longName: '' has been replaced by 'AD'

version: 1.0.1
last version: 1.0.0
curator: nicholas
timestamp: 2022-08-16 23:29:50 UTC
changes:
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_126): interpretation4_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation3_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_127): interpretation4_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: d18O (Ocean2kHR_128): interpretation4_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_129): interpretation3_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
  paleo interpretation metadata: Sr/Ca (Ocean2kHR_129): interpretation4_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'

Sr/Ca ratios and oxygen isotopes from sclerosponges: Temperature history of the Caribbean mixed layer and thermocline during the Little Ice Age
author:
  name: Haase-Schramm, Alexandra , Bohm, Florian , Eisenhauer, Anton , Dullo, Wolf-Christian , Joachimski, Michael M. , Hansen, Bent , Reitner, Joachim
citation: Haase-Schramm, A., Boehm, F., Eisenhauer, A., Dullo, W.-C., Joachimski, M. M., Hansen, B. and Reitner, J.: Sr/Ca ratios and oxygen isotopes from sclerosponges: Temperature history of the Caribbean mixed layer and thermocline during the Little Ice Age, Paleoceanography, 18(3), n/a–n/a, doi:10.1029/2002pa000830, 2003.
cite key: haase2003sr
data url: doi.org
doi: 10.1029/2002PA000830
issue: 3
journal: Paleoceanography
pages: n/a-n/a
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
type: journal-article
volume: 18
year: 2003

Ocean2kHR-AtlanticPedroBankHaaseSchramm2003
author:
  name: Haase-Schramm, A.
institution: World Data Center for Paleoclimatology
type: dataCitation
url: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1878

longitude: -77.95
latitude: 18.47
elevation: -20
geometry type: Point
ocean: Atlantic
pages2k region: Ocean
site name: Montego Bay, Jamaica