Larocque-Tobler, I.;Stewart, M.M.;Quinlan, R.;Trachsel, M.;Kamenik, C.;Grosjean, M.

A last millennium temperature reconstruction using chironomids preserved in sediments of anoxic Seebergsee (Switzerland): consensus at local, regional and Central European scales

Regional chronologies based on nested PCs display high correlation coefficients in the two calibration periods: both regression-calibrated (r1900_1952 = 0.81 and r1953_2005 = 0.75 on average) and scaling-calibrated (r1900_1952 = 0.73 and r1953_2005 = 0.80 on average). Similarly REs are also high (well above 0) for the two verifications.

Dorado Liñán, I.;Büntgen, U.;González-Rouco, F.;Zorita, E.;Montávez, J. P.;Gómez-Navarro, J. J.;Brunet, M.;Heinrich, I.;Helle, G.;Gutiérrez, E.

Estimating 750 years of temperature variations and uncertainties in the Pyrenees by tree-ring reconstructions and climate simulations

The uppermost point marks the present-day conditions in Spannagel at +1.8C and y18O= 7.8x. The average temperature in the Alps during the coldest period between 1688 and 1698 coincided with the Maunder Minimum. As derived from Luterbacher's data the average temperature in this period was 1.0 (F0.5) 8C about 1.8 8C lower than in the period between 1995 and 1998.

; climateInterpretation_seasonality changed - was originally Annual/winter

Reconstruction of temperature in the Central Alps during the past 2000 yr from a δ18O stalagmite record

By refining dendroclimatological methods the time-series were composited to a mean series and calibrated (1756_1841; r2 = 66%) against Stockholm January_April temperatures.

2 sigma (i.e. 1.96 multiplied by the SE of the estimate from the calibration and error modelling) error bars

Leijonhufvud, Lotta;Wilson, Rob;Moberg, Anders;Söderberg, Johan;Retsö, Dag;Söderlind, Ulrica

Five centuries of Stockholm winter/spring temperatures reconstructed from documentary evidence and instrumental observations

In order to extend the Tallinn temperature series backward in time three different climate proxies were used. These were: the first day of ice break-up in Tallinn port a proxy for the mean winter air temperature (December to March); the first day of ice break-up on the rivers in northern Estonia a proxy for the beginning of spring; and the first day of the rye harvest a proxy for the mean air temperature in spring and summer (April to July). On the basis of these proxies the mean winter temperature could be extended back to the year AD 1500 and the spring and summer temperature back to 1731.