Indian Summer Monsoon; more negative values of d18O are interpreted as indicative of increased monsoon strength

Fleitmann, D., Burns, S. J., Neff, U., Mudelsee, M., Mangini, A. and Matter, A.: Palaeoclimatic interpretation of high-resolution oxygen isotope profiles derived from annually laminated speleothems from Southern Oman, Quaternary Science Reviews, 23(7-8), 935–945, doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.06.019, 2004.

d18O (SP07FLOM01A): interpretation4_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'

Finnigan MAT 252 mass spectrometer equipped with a Kiel II Carbonate Device at the Minnesota Isotope Laboratory

Low(high)Botuvera? speleothem d18O indicates intensified (weakened) SASM activity, more (less) Amazon moisture contribution and higher (lower) rainfall in southern Brazil.

Wang, X., Auler, A. S., Edwards, R. L., Cheng, H., Ito, E., Wang, Y., Kong, X. and Solheid, M.: Millennial-scale precipitation changes in southern Brazil over the past 90,000 years, Geophysical Research Letters, 34(23), n/a–n/a, doi:10.1029/2007gl031149, 2007.

d18O (SP07WABR01A): interpretation3_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'
d18O (SP07WABR01A): interpretation4_scope: '' has been replaced by 'isotope'

Finnegan MAT 251 instrument at Wuhan, China

HS-4 and HS-6 overlapped neatly (another sample from Heshang cave)

Hendy test; lack of correlation between d13C and d18O; replicated stalagmite; prediction from equilibrium constraints matches top values

Secondary controls can, however, be removed from the d18O record by comparing d18O from two stalagmites growing along the same atmospheric moisture transport pathway. As long as both stalagmites grew without kinetic or evaporative modification of their d18O signals, then the difference between d18O at the two sites only reflects loss of moisture from the atmosphere by rainfall as the air travels between them. The magnitude of the difference in d18O between the two sites reflects the amount of rain removed.

More negative d18O values correspond to stronger amount

Hu, C., Henderson, G. M., Huang, J., Xie, S., Sun, Y. and Johnson, K. R.: Quantification of Holocene Asian monsoon rainfall from spatially separated cave records, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 266(3-4), 221–232, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.10.015, 2008.